![]() ![]() Reflexology, one type of complementary and alternative medicine, can be used as a nursing intervention along with modern medicine. Complementary medicine is divided into biological therapies, including herbal medicines, vitamins, and dietary supplements, and nonbiological treatments such as acupuncture, hydrotherapy, massage, reflexology, and music therapy. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined complementary and alternative medicine as indigenous knowledge, skills, beliefs, and experiences in different cultures that are used for health, prevention, recovery, or physical and mental therapy. Today, complementary and alternative medicine, as a tolerable, complication-free therapy with minimal drug interaction has become more popular. ĭrug therapies have their own side effects, and healthcare systems prefer to use nonpharmacological therapies to treat patients. Pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions have been used to improve sexual function of the patients undergoing hemodialysis. It is important to design interventions that can reduce the complications of the disease and treatment in patients undergoing hemodialysis. While dialysis patients have reported sexual dysfunction as the most important stressor, sexual dissatisfaction can have consequences such as feelings of unhappiness and various psychological and physical consequences. The severity of this disorder can vary from a slight decrease in sexual desire to failure to reach orgasm. The severity of sexual dysfunction varies from one person to another, depends on the degree of kidney failure, and is often associated with decreased sexual pleasure. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction is 19% among patients with kidney failure and up to 70% in dialysis patients. Erectile dysfunction in men and orgasm dysfunction in women cause sexual dysfunction, so they cannot experience sexual satisfaction. On the other hand, changes in the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (hormonal imbalance), neurovascular disorders, neuropsychological effects of the disease, and side effects of drugs can aggravate sexual dysfunction in such patients. The patients experience problems such as fatigue, decreased appetite, decreased sexual function, hypotension, muscle spasm, nausea and vomiting, headache, and pruritus due to kidney failure and related complications. According to available statistics, about 16% are added annually to patients undergoing hemodialysis in Iran. Kidney transplantation and dialysis, alternative therapies, are constant needs of patients with end-stage renal disease to survive. ![]() It is predicted that 90,000 people in Iran will suffer from this disease by 2021. The CKD mortality rate was 15.9% and 16.6% per hundred thousand people globally and in Iran in 2017, respectively. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an irreversible kidney failure that has lasted for more than three months, and it is characterized by incurable and permanent loss of kidney function. ![]()
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